FILE: sockets/non-socket pipes -- designed for 1-way (half duplex) communication. Can be used for 2-way (full duplex), but it's very complicated. Only on same host. files -- can be across hosts if there is NFS. shared memory -- only on same host. signals -- only on same host. limited amt of information. RPC -- between hosts. Includes mechanism (XDR) for architecture-independent data (sockets must use the byte-order conversion macros described in byteorder(3n). Don't know much about it from programming perspective.